3Li6.940
Alkali Metals-block
Lithium
Element 3 on the periodic table, symbol Li, group 1, period 2.
Lithium (from Greek:λίθος lithos, "stone") is a chemical element with the symbol Li and atomic number 3. It is a soft, silver-white metal belonging to the alkali metal group of chemical elements. Under standard conditions it is the lightest metal and the least dense solid element.
Appearance: silvery-white
Properties
- Atomic Number
- 3
- Atomic Mass
- 6.9400 u
- Group
- 1
- Period
- 2
- Block
- s-block
- Category
- Alkali Metal
- State at 25 °C
- Solid
- Melting Point
- 453.7 K · 180.5 °C
- Boiling Point
- 1,603 K · 1,329.9 °C
- Density
- 0.534 g/cm³
- Atomic Radius
- 145 pm
- Electronegativity
- 0.98
- Oxidation States
- +1
- Abundance in Crust
- 20 mg/kg
- Discovered
- 1817
- Discovered By
- Johan August Arfwedson
Electron Configuration
[He] 2s1
1s2 2s1
Ionisation Energies (kJ/mol)
- 1. 520.2
- 2. 7,298.1
- 3. 11,815
Elements near Lithium
Elements in the same group share the number of outer electrons and behave in similar ways. Elements in the same period share a shell, so they change steadily from left to right.