23V50.942
Transition Metald-block
Vanadium
Element 23 on the periodic table, symbol V, group 5, period 4.
Vanadium is a chemical element with symbol V and atomic number 23. It is a hard, silvery grey, ductile and malleable transition metal. The element is found only in chemically combined form in nature, but once isolated artificially, the formation of an oxide layer stabilizes the free metal somewhat against further oxidation.
Appearance: blue-silver-grey metal
Properties
- Atomic Number
- 23
- Atomic Mass
- 50.9415 u
- Group
- 5
- Period
- 4
- Block
- d-block
- Category
- Transition Metal
- State at 25 °C
- Solid
- Melting Point
- 2,183 K · 1,909.9 °C
- Boiling Point
- 3,680 K · 3,406.9 °C
- Density
- 6 g/cm³
- Atomic Radius
- 135 pm
- Electronegativity
- 1.63
- Oxidation States
- +2, +3, +4, +5
- Abundance in Crust
- 120 mg/kg
- Discovered
- 1801
- Discovered By
- Andrés Manuel del Río
Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d3 4s2
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d3
Ionisation Energies (kJ/mol)
- 1. 650.9
- 2. 1,414
- 3. 2,830
- 4. 4,507
- 5. 6,298.7
- 6. 12,363
- 7. 14,530
- 8. 16,730
Elements near Vanadium
Elements in the same group share the number of outer electrons and behave in similar ways. Elements in the same period share a shell, so they change steadily from left to right.