40Zr91.224
Transition Metald-block
Zirconium
Element 40 on the periodic table, symbol Zr, group 4, period 5.
Zirconium is a chemical element with symbol Zr and atomic number 40. The name of zirconium is taken from the name of the mineral zircon, the most important source of zirconium. The word zircon comes from the Persian word zargun زرگون, meaning "gold-colored".
Appearance: silvery white
Properties
- Atomic Number
- 40
- Atomic Mass
- 91.2242 u
- Group
- 4
- Period
- 5
- Block
- d-block
- Category
- Transition Metal
- State at 25 °C
- Solid
- Melting Point
- 2,128 K · 1,854.9 °C
- Boiling Point
- 4,650 K · 4,376.9 °C
- Density
- 6.52 g/cm³
- Atomic Radius
- 155 pm
- Electronegativity
- 1.33
- Oxidation States
- +4
- Abundance in Crust
- 165 mg/kg
- Discovered
- 1789
- Discovered By
- Martin Heinrich Klaproth
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d2 5s2
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d2
Ionisation Energies (kJ/mol)
- 1. 640.1
- 2. 1,270
- 3. 2,218
- 4. 3,313
- 5. 7,752
- 6. 9,500
Elements near Zirconium
Elements in the same group share the number of outer electrons and behave in similar ways. Elements in the same period share a shell, so they change steadily from left to right.