Bismuth

Element 83 on the periodic table, symbol Bi, group 15, period 6.

Bismuth is a chemical element with symbol Bi and atomic number 83. Bismuth, a pentavalent post-transition metal, chemically resembles arsenic and antimony. Elemental bismuth may occur naturally, although its sulfide and oxide form important commercial ores.

Appearance: lustrous silver

Properties

Atomic Number: 83
Atomic Mass: 208.9804 u
Group: 15
Period: 6
Block: p-block
Category: Post-Transition Metal
State at 25 °C: Solid
Melting Point: 544.7 K · 271.6 °C
Boiling Point: 1,837 K · 1,563.9 °C
Density: 9.78 g/cm³
Atomic Radius: 160 pm
Electronegativity: 2.02
Oxidation States: +3, +5
Abundance in Crust: 0.009 mg/kg
Discovered: 1753
Discovered By: Claude François Geoffroy

Electron Configuration

[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d10 6p3

Ionisation Energies (kJ/mol)

1. 703
2. 1,610
3. 2,466
4. 4,370
5. 5,400
6. 8,520

Elements near Bismuth

Elements in the same group share the number of outer electrons and behave in similar ways. Elements in the same period share a shell, so they change steadily from left to right.